PREPARE
The way that first responders can prepare for terrorist attacks has two different sides. The first is preparing with their family. First Responders should see our information for Preparing, Responding, and Recovering for Families regarding Terrorist attacks. However, they also need to take considerations such as the fact that they may be called to action during an attack. Thus, it is truly important that their family plans and understands what to do with and without this member present. The second is preparation as a first responder and this really relies on the study and understanding of past terrorist attacks, as well as possible future attacks. First Responder’s Toolbox outlines first responder preparedness for open event venues as needing to be familiar with previous attack tactics, mitigating against common attack tactics, understanding vehicles as weapons, information sharing, communication, and medical/First Aid preparation. They should be trained and familiar with all of these topics and more to be prepared for attacks anywhere.
RESPOND
The CDC provides information on proper response to take for a few different terrorist attack situations. First Responders should be familiar in these instances and more. For an attack such as anthrax or food borne infectious disease, first responders should be trained in the use of personal protective equipment, environmental sampling, use of respirators, biosafety, prevention of contact with body fluid, and preventing needle-sticks. These are just a few examples of responses that first responders should be familiar with, however, it is not exhaustive. Generally, first responders need to be knowledgeable about what terrorist tactic they are dealing with, how to help those who have been affected by it, how to prevent harm to themselves, what the signs and risks are for this tactic, and other considerations.
RECOVER
A great deal of a first responders’ job is in the recovery. They are the first ones on the scene after or during a terrorist attack. Their main job is to help people recover from what they have witnessed or dealt with and components of the attack itself. They need to be prepared and ready to take steps to stop ongoing attacks, provide medical support, clean contaminated areas, put out fires, etc. Recovering is very job specific. However, another component of recovery is taking care of their mental health. First responders witness events that could be traumatic and their mental health is incredibly important. For help coping with behavioral health or for more information, see the link below for First Responders Center for Excellence(FRSE) or SAMSHA.
Resources
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/emres/terrorresp.html
https://www.firstrespondercenter.org/behavioral-health/toolsresources/
Click to access supplementalresearchbulletin-firstresponders-may2018.pdf